Hi, Any given schema document can only have one target namespace. Since each of these has a different one, you can't combine them unless you want all the elements in the document to be in a single (or no) namespace. I wouldn't recommend this, because it looks like you are importing a separate standard and therefore shouldn't change the namespaces in that standard. If you want to do it anyway, you need to remove all the ds: and xds: prefixes from your combined schema document and your instance. Hope that helps, Priscilla ------------------------------------------------------------------ Priscilla Walmsley Author, Definitive XML Schema / XML in Office 2003 http://www.**--****.com/ ------------------------------------------------------------------